Comparison between Loading Dose of Atorvastatin and Loading Dose of Rosuvastatin Prior to Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patient with ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction for the Prevention of Contrast Induced Nephropathy

Background: Early percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the method of choice for myocardial infarction with ST-elevation, and a shorter interval between event and hospital arrival can result in lower mortality rates. The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of loading dose atorvastatin defined as 80 milligrams versus loading dose rosuvastatin defined as 40 milligrams for the prevention of contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) in ST elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention.

Methods: This prospective randomized study was carried out on 150 patients with clinical features of ST elevation myocardial infarction who randomly assigned to receive either atorvastatin (80 mg) or rosuvastatin (40 mg) before undergoing the primary PCI and diagnosed according to the 2018 European society of cardiology guidelines. Patients were divided into two equal groups: Atorvastatin group: experienced PCI accepting 80 mg Atorvastatin and Rosuvastatin group: experienced PCI getting high portion (40 mg) of Rosuvastatin.

Results: CIN was insignificantly different between atorvastatin and Rosuvastatin groups. Procedural duration, contrast volume, hydration volume and number of vessels were insignificantly different between atorvastatin and rosuvastatin group. Culprit vessel was significantly different between atorvastatin and rosuvastatin group (P value= 0.0003). Number of stents was significantly different between atorvastatin and rosuvastatin group (P value= 0.013).

Conclusions: The CIN was insignificantly different between the atorvastatin and rosuvastatin groups. Thus, the antioxidant properties of both statins could protect against the CIN.