Prevalence of Obesity, Diabetes Type 2 and Hypertension among a Sampled Population from Sokoto Metropolis-Nigeria

Aims: To determine the prevalence of obesity and its relationship with hypertension and diabetes among dwellers of Sokoto metropolis.
Study Design: A descriptive cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: We conducted the study in March 2012, within Sokoto metropolis to mark the world kidney day.
Methodology: We enrolled 300 participants using a convenience sampling technique. An interviewer administered questionnaire was used to obtain the biodata and past medical history. Blood pressure and anthropometric parameters were measured while blood and urine samples were taken for RBS estimation and urine analysis respectively. We analyzed the data obtained using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17.
Results: Out of the 300 participants that came for screening, two opted out, thus leaving 298 participants. There were 50.3% males and 49.7% females. Their mean age was 42±31 years. The BMI ranged between 14-48 kg/m2 with mean of 24.24 kg/2 ±5. Mean SBP and RBS were 130mmhg (±25) and 7.34±4 mmol-1 respectively. About 13.9% of the participants were found to be obese. Obesity was significantly associated with SBP (p<0.001) and RBS level (p=0.002).
Conclusion: Obesity is quite common in our environment and it contributes to the occurrence of hypertension and elevated blood sugar. Screening for obesity markers should be encouraged at every contact with healthcare provider. Physical activity for at least 30 minutes/day should be encouraged in order to reduce the risk of obesity, hypertension and diabetes mellitus.